Talazoparib is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential antineoplastic activity. Talazoparib selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and is activated by single-strand DNA breaks.

Talazoparib is an orally available small molecule inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) which is used as an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of selected cases of breast cancer. Talazoparib is associated with a moderate rate of serum aminotransferase elevations during therapy and is suspected to cause rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Talazoparib was approved by the FDA for use in germline BRCA mutated, HER2 negative, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer on October 16, 2018 under the trade name Talzenna. Talzenna was granted approval based on the results of the EMBRACA trial in which talazoparib resulted in a mean 8.6 months progression-free survival time versus physician's choice chemotherapy which resulted in 5.6 months progression-free survival.

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